Dachshunds, affectionately known as wiener dogs, sausage dogs, or doxies, are one of the most instantly recognisable and endearing dog breeds. Their long bodies, short legs, and big personalities make them beloved companions — but those same unique features also come with a range of breed-specific health vulnerabilities.
In this comprehensive guide, we’ll cover the top 7 health concerns Dachshund owners face, explain why they happen, outline the signs and symptoms to watch for, and, most importantly, share proven prevention strategies you can apply every day. This article is designed to help you keep your Dachshund healthy, happy, and thriving throughout their life.
Let’s go in depth.
Introduction: Why Dachshunds Have Unique Health Needs
Dachshunds have a distinctive anatomy — long backs and short legs — that was originally developed to help them pursue small game like badgers into tunnels. While this bodyscape was functional for hunting centuries ago, it also predisposes them to specific structural and metabolic issues in modern life. PetMD+1
Understanding these conditions and knowing how to prevent them can make a dramatic difference in your dog’s comfort and quality of life.
1. Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) — The Most Serious Dachshund Health Risk
What Is IVDD?
Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is the disease most famously associated with Dachshunds. Because of their long spinal column and short rib cage, the cushioning discs between their vertebrae are under constant strain and may degenerate or rupture. This can lead to back pain, nerve damage, loss of mobility, or even paralysis in severe cases. PetMD+1
Some studies suggest as many as 20–25% of Dachshunds will develop IVDD during their lifetime. Wikipedia
Signs to Watch For
Common early signs include:
✔ Reluctance to move or jump
✔ Stiff gait or tense belly
✔ Limping or dragging hind legs
✔ Yelping when touched
✔ Changed posture or back pain
Prevention Tips
Because IVDD can be debilitating, prevention is essential:
✔ Maintain a Healthy Weight
Extra weight increases pressure on the spine — keeping your dog lean helps relieve strain. Dachshunds Planet
✔ Avoid Jumping and Stairs
Jumping, twisting, or climbing stairs places intense stress on spinal discs. Use ramps or steps instead of letting your Dachshund jump up/down furniture. Just Food For Dogs
✔ Gentle, Low-Impact Exercise
Short walks and controlled play help strengthen core muscles without risky strain. Sir Beagle
✔ Proper Handling
Always support your Dachshund’s chest and hindquarters when lifting. Dachshunds Planet
✔ Routine Vet Screening
Regular veterinary check-ups can catch early changes before severe damage occurs. Just Food For Dogs
Note: Immediate vet care is required if you suspect IVDD; early treatment greatly improves outcomes.
2. Obesity — Small Dogs, Big Weight Problems
Why Dachshunds Are Prone to Obesity
Dachshunds are active and love food, but their small bodies and hunting-breed build make them vulnerable to excess weight — which exacerbates nearly every other health issue, especially back problems. Dachshunds Planet
Signs of Obesity
✔ Noticeable weight gain
✔ Trouble moving or reluctance to walk
✔ Heavy breathing
✔ Difficulty with stairs or jumping
Prevention Tips
✔ Balanced Diet & Portion Control
Feed a high-quality, age-appropriate diet and avoid free-feeding or table scraps. PetMD
✔ Regular Exercise
Aim for gentle daily walks and play sessions — about 30–60 minutes total each day. Sir Beagle
✔ Monitor Treats
Limit calorie-rich treats; choose healthy, low-calorie options instead.
✔ Weight Tracking
Regularly tracking your Dachshund’s weight helps catch trends early.
By keeping weight in check, you reduce stress on joints and the spine — significantly decreasing the risk of IVDD and arthritis.
3. Dental Disease — More Than Just Bad Breath
What Can Happen
Dachshunds are prone to dental issues due to their small mouths and crowded teeth. Without care, plaque and tartar buildup leads to gingivitis, periodontal disease, tooth decay, and even tooth loss. PetMD
Signs of Dental Trouble
✔ Bad breath
✔ Red, inflamed gums
✔ Drooling or difficulty eating
✔ Loose or missing teeth
Prevention Tips
✔ Brush Daily
Daily brushing with dog-safe toothpaste is the gold standard.
✔ Dental Chews and Toys
These help reduce tartar buildup between brushings. BARK
✔ Professional Dental Cleanings
Your vet can recommend a schedule — often once per year.
✔ Avoid Sugary Table Scraps
Human foods high in carbs and sugar contribute to plaque formation.
Good dental care can help prevent painful infections and reduce the risk of systemic problems linked to periodontal disease.
4. Luxating Patella — Knee Joint Issues
Understanding the Condition
A luxating patella (dislocating kneecap) is when the kneecap slips out of its groove. It’s relatively common in small breeds like Dachshunds because of their limb proportions. Dachshund Breed Council
Symptoms
✔ Limping or hopping
✔ Difficulty walking or standing
✔ Intermittent lameness
Prevention Tips
✔ Maintain Healthy Weight
Reducing excess pounds lowers pressure on joints. Dachshunds Planet
✔ Gentle Exercise
Activities that build muscle without shock or impact help support joints.
✔ Vet Evaluation
A veterinarian can diagnose luxating patella early and recommend exercises or, in severe cases, surgery.
5. Eye Problems — Vision Risks in Doxies
Common Eye Conditions
Dachshunds are prone to several eye issues, including:
✔ Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) — leads to gradual vision loss
✔ Cataracts — clouding of the lens
✔ Glaucoma — increased eye pressure that can damage sight
All can affect vision and quality of life. Agria Pet Insurance
Signs of Eye Problems
✔ Cloudy or red eyes
✔ Pawing at the face
✔ Bumping into objects
✔ Anxiety in new environments
Prevention & Early Detection
✔ Regular Eye Exams
Include eye checks in your dog’s annual vet visits. Agria Pet Insurance
✔ Prompt Vet Care
If you notice changes, schedule an exam sooner rather than later.
While some conditions like PRA cannot be cured, early intervention with medications or surgery (for cataracts and glaucoma) can preserve vision.
6. Skin Conditions & Allergies
Common Skin Concerns
Dachshunds can develop:
✔ Allergies (food or environmental)
✔ Yeast infections
✔ Dermatitis and hot spots
These result from sensitivity to allergens, parasites, or irritants. Dachshund Breed Council
Signs of Skin Problems
✔ Itching or scratching
✔ Red or irritated patches
✔ Hair loss
✔ Licking or chewing at the skin
Prevention Tips
✔ Hypoallergenic Diet Trials
If food allergies are suspected, your vet may recommend limited-ingredient diets. Dachshund Breed Council
✔ Regular Grooming
Frequent brushing and bathing with vet-approved mild shampoos keep skin healthy. Dogsaholic
✔ Flea & Tick Control
Use vet-recommended products to prevent parasite-related skin issues.
Monitoring your dog’s skin and acting on early irritation helps avoid chronic problems.
7. Endocrine & Metabolic Issues — Cushing’s and Hypothyroidism
Cushing’s Disease
Cushing’s disease occurs when the body produces too much cortisol. Signs may include increased hunger, thirst, urination, hair loss, and a pot-bellied appearance. It requires veterinary diagnosis and treatment. Dachshund Breed Council
Hypothyroidism
In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough hormones, leading to lethargy, weight gain, dry skin, or hair loss. It’s treatable with daily medication. Pet Lover Guy
Prevention & Early Detection
✔ Routine Blood Panels
Regular wellness testing can catch hormone imbalances early. Just Food For Dogs
✔ Work With Your Vet
Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment plans prevent complications.
Bonus Risk: Gastric Torsion (Bloat)
Although more common in deep-chested large breeds, bloat (gastric torsion) can occur in Dachshunds too. This life-threatening condition causes the stomach to twist and require emergency care. Pet Lover Guy
Prevention Tips
✔ Feed smaller, more frequent meals
✔ Avoid vigorous exercise immediately before/after eating
✔ Use slow-feed bowls to reduce gulping
If your Dachshund shows signs like a distended belly, unproductive vomiting, or discomfort, seek immediate vet attention.
Building a Preventive Health Routine
Now that you know the major health issues Dachshunds face, here’s a comprehensive daily and yearly routine to help prevent them:
Daily & Weekly Habits
✔ Healthy diet and portion control
✔ Regular gentle exercise (20-60 min/day) Sir Beagle
✔ Brush teeth and check ears weekly PetMD
✔ Inspect skin and coat for irritation Dogsaholic
✔ Avoid furniture jumps and risky play
Annual & Long-Term Care
✔ Full veterinary check-ups yearly or more often for seniors
✔ Blood panels to detect metabolic changes Just Food For Dogs
✔ Eye, dental, and joint screenings
✔ Discuss breed-specific tests with your vet
Lifestyle Tips That Make a Big Difference
Some small lifestyle choices can have a big preventive impact on health:
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Use Ramps Instead of Stairs: Reduces spinal strain. Sir Beagle
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Tailored Diet: Ask your vet about breed-specific or weight-management formulas. PetMD
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Training & Mental Enrichment: Active minds support physical health too. Sir Beagle
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Insurance or Savings: Chronic issues like IVDD and endocrine conditions can incur long-term costs — plan ahead. Just Food For Dogs
Conclusion: Prevention Is the Best Medicine
Dachshunds are a cherished breed, but their unique physique puts them at risk for several specific health issues. Knowledge is empowering: by understanding the 7 common health problems in Dachshunds — from spinal disease to dental decay and endocrine issues — and how to prevent them, you give your companion the best chance at a long, happy, comfortable life.
Consistent care, regular vet visits, and informed lifestyle choices help you spot early warning signs and prevent many conditions before they become severe.
Your Dachshund’s health journey starts with you — and every positive step you take adds more joyful years to your time together.
Sources You Can Explore
📌 Dachshund Dog Breed Health and Care — PetMD overview of breed health and specific conditions PetMD
📌 Dachshund Health Issues — Dachshund Breed Council comprehensive list of concerns Dachshund Breed Council
📌 Common Dachshund Illness & Injury Guide — Agria Pet insights on breed risks Agria Pet Insurance
📌 Top Dachshund Health Issues — DachshundsPlanet guide with prevention tips Dachshunds Planet
📌 Dachshund Health & Care Tips — Dogsaholic actionable health and preventive care steps Dogsaholic
📌 Healthy Dachshund Care Guidelines — FitPetGo on breed-specific risk and lifestyle Fitpetgo
