Chinese Crested Dog
History of the Chinese Crested Dog: Unexplained Origins
The Chinese Crested Dog is also called the Chinese Crested Dog. Although the name of this breed suggests its origin in China, the origin of the dogs is unclear to this day. What is certain is that the breeding of larger ancestors of the Chinese Crested Dog had a long tradition in the Han Dynasty. The crested dog probably came about as a result of a genetic defect in Africa, because archaeological finds point to the discovery of the hairless Canis Africanis, which was already on the African continent around 2000 BC. However, since the Chinese crested dog is a close relative of the Peruvian and Mexican hairless dogs, it may also have descended from and been bred in Central America.
Ultimately, the naked dogs were imported into the USA, where the breed could be admired at exhibitions and enjoyed great popularity due to its unusual appearance. The FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) recognized the dog breed in 1972 and classified it as a companion dog.
Appearance: A whimsical appearance
The Chinese Crested Dog can reach a height of 28-33 cm at the withers. According to the FCI breed standard, the height at the shoulder of bitches is about 3-10 cm less than that of males. According to the standard, the dog breed is divided into two types, which differ in physique:
Deer Type: Petite, graceful and small physique
Cobby Type: stocky, stronger bone and build
There are also two types of coat types on dogs:
Hairless type: The conspicuously naked body of the hairless variant is either evenly hairless or only hairy in certain areas defined by the FCI. These spots affect the paws, head, neck, and tail. The hair on the head reaches up to the ears, which are covered with straggly fringes of hair.
Powder Puff Sweep: Powder Puffs have a long coat of hair consisting of an undercoat and a silky veil of hair.
While only prick ears are permitted for the hairless variety, prick ears or lop ears are permitted for the Powder Puff. The nose and the coat of both varieties are permitted in all colours.
The temperament of the Chinese Crested Dog: A watchful dog
The Chinese Crested Dog scores with its lovable character traits: it is lively, playful, and very sensitive. He loves people and always wants to please them. The delicate dog seeks closeness to its companion and is therefore reluctant to be alone. His cheerful, bright nature conjures up a smile on the faces of those around him.
Coexistence: A beloved companion dog
Whether seniors, children, or families – the Chinese crested dog is an easy-going, lovable dog that is suitable for everyone, including beginners. He can be kept in a city apartment and, given a good education, taken anywhere. Despite its delicate shape, the dog makes it its mission to protect its owner as a guard dog. It is often assumed that the hairless variant is particularly suitable for allergy sufferers. However, this has not been proven, which is why you should carry out an allergy test before buying as a precaution.
Dealing with the Chinese crested dog: affection and exercise
In addition to daily cuddles, your lively crested dog also needs enough exercise. He is extremely persistent and enjoys frolicking, running, and playing on long walks. For species-appropriate husbandry, it is important that the little bundle of energy moves a lot. His urge to move can be supported by dog sports such as dog dancing or trick dogging.
Diet of the Chinese Crested Dog
With a species-appropriate diet you strengthen the health of your pet. As long as the meat is listed as the main ingredient and the food is high quality, you can feed your Chinese Crested dog both dry and wet food. Due to the high level of activity, your Chinese Crested Dog will need a little more food than other breeds of its size. Nevertheless, you should always keep an eye on your figure and adjust your diet if you are overweight. You should approach feed changes slowly to avoid stomach pain and diarrhea.
Health: More robust than you think
The life expectancy of this dog breed is between 10 and 14 years. Unfortunately, the genetic defect that is responsible for the hairlessness of the breed also harbors other possible diseases:
Lens shift: This hereditary disease causes the lens to shift and can lead to cataracts and even blindness. The disease can be detected by a genetic test. Reputable breeders, including the VDH (Association for German Dogs), exclude diseased dogs from breeding.
Patellar dislocation: The displacement of the kneecap is noticeable through a hopping gait and general lameness.
Missing teeth: The genetic defect can also be seen in poor teeth in some members of the breed.
Sunburn: You should protect your pet from direct sunlight, because the Chinese crested dog tends to sunburn due to its lack of hair. Especially for specimens with little pigmentation, sun protection is necessary in summer. You can discuss with your veterinarian which sunscreen is suitable for your four-legged friend.
Chinese Crested Dog Grooming: Coat dependent
There is a big difference in skin and coat care between the hairless variant and the hairy Powder Puff. The bare skin of the hairless variant tends to be itchy and dry, which is why you should occasionally cream your naked egg with a mild skin lotion for dogs. You can occasionally brush the flowing head of hair or the hairy paws. When it’s cold out, consider a cozy dog coat for your naked crested dog.
The Powder Puff needs grooming with a little more effort for its silky top coat. Even as a puppy, you should brush your Powder Puff daily to avoid tangles in the hair.
Japanese Chin
The Japanese Chin is very popular with dog beginners, families and seniors. The animal is made for everyday life, a short walk in the city or a visit to friends. However, the Japanese Chin dog is not a great athlete. The Japanese Chin belongs to FCI Group 9. The dog breed is assigned to Section 8. The breed portrait reveals what makes the animal so special.
Origin and breed history
The exact origin of the Japanese Chin dog breed is still disputed to this day. The sources refer to either a Chinese or Korean origin story, whereby the dog is said to have come to Japan via Buddhist monks. According to stories, the Japan Chin could also have been a gift from Korean envoys to the Japanese Emperor in 732 AD.
On the other hand, there is agreement on the circles in which the dog breed was kept: the circle of noble families. Like the Pekingese, the animal was only reserved for the highest circles of noble families. The veneration of this dog breed was shown in extremes that have nothing to do with keeping a dog appropriate to the species. Small specimens of the Japan Chins were sometimes kept in gilded cages. The worship of the little four-legged friend was also on the daily agenda of cultural life in Japan.
Although it was strictly forbidden to export the breed, an English commander flouted this ban. He smuggled some copies to England. The first official gift was the Japan Chin to Germany in 1890. The Japanese Empress presented a purebred pair of Japan Chin to the German Empress Auguste of Germany. In the same century, the fluffy lap dog with the broad face and short nose also reached the USA. There he was also called Japanese Spaniel in the 70s.
Nature and Temperament of Japan Chin
The Japanese Chin has an extraordinary adaptable nature. This applies both to everyday life and to the lifestyle of the owner. As befits a lap dog that is well received in social circles, he is calm and cuddly. In addition, the animal behaves in accordance with its origins, downright elegant. The four-legged friend reports visitors reliably and unobtrusively with his delicate little voice. Exaggerated nervousness or aggressiveness is alien to this dog breed.
Although the Japanese Chin is not considered pushy, the dog does need a lot of attention. As per its origin, it is in its nature to be the center of attention. The dog breed should therefore not be left alone for too long. The animal with the short legs does not need excessive sporting activities. The dog’s body is not made for that. Rather, walks are sufficient. As far as space is concerned, the Japan Chin is undemanding. Because of this, the fluffy creature can be kept in an apartment in the city without any problems. It doesn’t even have to be a large apartment.
His “will to please” makes the dog easy to train. In addition, he is docile and adaptable. If you give the quiet companion a small ball to play with, the animal turns out to be playful and lively.
The appearance of the Japanese Chin
A characteristic of this small dog breed is the soft and silky coat that requires a lot of care. This is either black and white, red and white, or three-colored in the tones of black, white and red.
Overall, it is a petite dog that is only 20-25 cm in size and weighs 2-6 kg. The physique is square, so that the length of the body and the height at the withers are about the same. Females have slightly longer bodies than males. The widely spaced eyes, which are in line with the nose, are also striking.
Upbringing & husbandry of the Japanese Chin – this is important to note
It couldn’t be easier than with a lap dog, which has always been used to aristocratic circles. This is particularly noticeable when it comes to upbringing. However, dog lovers often hear the opposite from other small dog breeds: rebellious to loud behavior is the order of the day for some small four-legged friends. They make themselves look bigger than they actually are. The interested party does not need to fear such behavior. That means: there will be no problems with neighbors in a residential building. The animal is certainly not a Bell king. His vocal cords are not big enough for that. With their modest vocal characteristics, the Japanese Chin can hardly stand out or disturb. Although you can leave a dog alone for a while, this is not recommended for the Japanese Chin. As agreeable and adaptable as the animal is, it needs a lot of attention. If this is missing, undesirable behaviors can also show up in this otherwise sociable breed of dog.
The Japanese Chin is very devoted to his favorite people and is free from any attachment disorders. Cuddling is one of his favorite pastimes. If you take the animal into your heart and treat it well, you will quickly gain trust. The Japanese Chin is content with short walks. For an extended trip to a park, the pleasant nature is definitely to have.
Diet of the Japanese Chin
When it comes to nutrition, owners should choose high-quality food for every breed of dog. Health impairments due to careless and incorrectly chosen nutrition are simply irresponsible. This small dog breed also needs good food with a high meat content, which provides the animal with plenty of protein. The feed should contain at least 80 to 90 percent meat. Additives such as sugar, grain, preservatives or various artificial flavor enhancers have no place in dog food. Vegetables, on the other hand, can be included.
Nutritional factors such as age, weight, size, activity level and specific Japanese Chin diseases and allergies should also be taken into account for the Japanese Chin. Under no circumstances should the animal eat too large a quantity of food because it does not move as much as other dog breeds. The dog lover can give the cute Chins both wet and dry food. Raw feeding (BARF) is also an option. Different types of vegetables can be included.
If the Japan Chin owner intends to change the diet, this must be done gradually. Stomach and digestive problems can result if the feed is changed from one day to the next. It can also happen that the dog initially rejects the new food completely. Gradually the new food should be mixed in with the old food.
Health – life expectancy & common diseases
The Japanese Chin is one of the dog breeds that can get a variety of different diseases. That is why reputable breeders pay attention to the health of their breeding animals. In addition, they also submit to strict breeding controls. Nevertheless, there can be tendencies towards certain breed-typical diseases.
The following eye diseases in particular are common:
- Trichiasis (eyelid disease);
- Distichiasis (double lashes);
- Dry eye (tear fluid absent);
- and cataract (eye lens is clouded);
Other hereditary diseases are:
- GM2 gangliosidosis (balance and vision problems);
- Hyperuricosuria and hyperuricemia (both lead to the formation of urinary stones);
- Malignant hyperthermia (causes tachycardia when taking certain medications).
The Japan Chin owner should always monitor any health changes and react immediately. In addition, the dogs of this breed have problems with the respiratory tract because the facial skull is shortened at the front. Being overweight can also lead to health problems. Because the dog isn’t exactly a jock, feeding should always be proportionate to the level of activity.
In addition to the diseases typical of the breed, the regulation of body temperature does not work properly. The Japanese Chin therefore tends to overheat. In summer, the animal always needs a shady spot or walks on shady paths. The small, somewhat troubled dog should also drink enough water.
Although the dog breed can be subject to many diseases, the life expectancy is at least 12 years. This is mainly due to the reputable breeders who breed according to the requirements of the FCI.
Japanese Chin – Activities and Training
The Japanese Chin is not one of the very active dogs. While mere walks far underchallenge other dog breeds, this is completely sufficient for the lively four-legged friend. The animal is not suitable for dog sport because of its physical condition and state of health. Excessive exertion should be avoided because the flat face makes it difficult to breathe, even when at rest. In terms of fitness, the Japanese Chin is not made for sporting activities.
The fan must not forget the faulty regulation of body temperature. It creates a state of overheating, which can cause problems for the small dog. Too many sporting training sessions are therefore taboo. But the short furry friend likes to play with a small ball. But the animal prefers to be with its mistress or master. The Japanese Chin always stays by the side of its favorite human throughout its dog life. A house with a garden is not necessary for this, even if the fluffy appearance would not mind.
The dog is ideal for an apartment. It doesn’t even have to be big. The Japan Chin is undemanding in terms of space. Big city life and walks on sidewalks instead of forest floor are also enough for the Japanese four-legged friend. Nevertheless, the owner should take their little darling out into the fresh air every day in order to use the musculoskeletal system to the fullest.
Papillon
Many people dream of getting a dog. Because personal taste or living conditions are often decisive, the choice often falls on a small, uncomplicated dog. There are many of these, but not every breed may be as varied and easy to train as the Papillon. Originally from France and Belgium, the continental spaniel belongs to the FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) group 9 of companion dogs.
Origin and breed history
As a variety of the Continental Toy Spaniel breed, the little dog, nicknamed Papillon, can be proud of its hundreds of years of existence. Lovers of small dog breeds see the little dog with its protruding, large ears depicted in old paintings from France from the 13th century. Italian and French nobles liked to feast on the dog, whose unusual ears resemble a butterfly. The spaniel was not only at home at the French court, but also in the British royal family. The butterfly dog was a valued companion in aristocratic circles, especially among women.
The continental miniature spaniel is called Epagneul Nain Continental in French. His illustration on what is probably the oldest pictorial evidence comes from the famous painter Giotto di Bondone. That does not mean, however, that its history begins with this age. There is a high probability that the animal has been around for over a thousand years. After the little toy spaniel came to Russia from its countries of origin France and Belgium, where it was called Russkiy Toy, it was officially recognized in 1990 thanks to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale. The pedigree animal, also known as the squirrel dog, was originally bred together with its brother Phalène (moth). The smooth transition to the British dog breed King Charles Spaniel lasted for a long time until the strict separation of Papillon and Phalène.
Essence & Temperament of Papillon
Dog owners describe the Papillon as an ideal companion dog, or in short: small but mighty. The size may hide what is actually in the dog with the butterfly ears: spirited, cheerful, intelligent and easy to train – character traits that bring life into the house. On the other hand, the joyful disposition also shows empathy and gentleness.
Due to his alertness and enormous willingness to interact with people and other animals, he is well suited to living with multiple family members. As a fully integrated member of the family, the animal needs a lot of attention, because occasional jealousy is quite possible. It is cuddly and leaning towards its loved ones, but reserved towards strangers.
Even as a guard dog, those interested in dogs should not underestimate the size of the Papillon. His character is characterized by a high level of vigilance. He confidently faces his sense of danger and reacts to unfamiliar noises by reporting them unmistakably. You can always rely on his unerring intuition.
Although the varied four-legged friend likes to be pampered, he is still no diva. Adaptability is also one of his character traits. If you don’t have a house and garden, you can still get a Papillon. With enough going out, a cozy and cozy atmosphere and lots of love, he will find his favorite place in every home.
The appearance of the Papillon
The papillon grows to an average of 20-28 cm, with males usually being slightly larger than females. They are among the very light dogs and weigh between 1.5 and 5 kilos – depending on their size.
The coat colors are quite varied: in the breed standard, the colors white-black, reddish-brown and tricolor with spots are allowed. The coat itself is usually long and very fine and this is what the dogs are known for. The physique of the small dog is rather delicate and delicate. Papillons have black beady eyes.
Upbringing & husbandry of the papillon – this is important to note
Whether house and country or city and apartment, dog owners can keep the Papillon in any residential area, as long as the animal is allowed to enjoy its daily exercise in nature. Its adaptability makes the butterfly dog very uncomplicated at times. Dogs are very attached to their owners, and this breed is no different. The presence of the master or mistress is enough for the spaniel to feel comfortable. The little creature has fun like any other dog on an exciting dog course.
Because his nature corresponds to an extremely uncomplicated nature, he is the ideal family dog. Children enjoy his temperament and vice versa. Nevertheless, the puppy needs consistent training and guidance from a young age. In this respect it is no different than with other dogs. His intelligence and temperament are components that will challenge the owner.
Despite his liveliness, he is not stubborn. His even-tempered and gentle nature makes him a loyal companion dog for beginners. Those who are still inexperienced usually have to get used to the role of the pack leader.
Pug
A pug is an English dog breed recognized by the FCI. The four-legged friends belong to FCI Group 9 and are assigned to Section 11, the small rye-like dogs.
Origin and breed history
The little dog originally came from Asia, probably straight from the German Empire, where it was kept as a ruler’s dog. It was the emperor’s privilege to own a pug. Therefore, the dogs had a high status among the Asians. Around the 16th century, the ancestors of today’s pug were shipped to Europe with the Dutch East India Company. So it came about that the dogs spread in the salons of the fine ladies and were only withheld from the fine society.
After that, other small breeds took over and the Pug almost fell into oblivion for a few decades. Since 1918, the dogs have been considered fashion dogs again and have been very popular in Germany and around the world ever since. The large number of breeders show that the number of litters has increased and the popularity is not falling.
Nature and Temperament of Pug
As the historical origin already suggests, the dogs are very proud creatures. They radiate this both in their outward appearance and in their character. A pug is well aware of its position and must be taught the hierarchy between owner and dog through discipline and kindness.
However, the pug is considered a true family dog and loves to be cuddled together. The dogs get along very well with children and the elderly, as long as they do not see the dog as a toy or even a fashion doll. The animals of this dog breed are extremely intelligent. A Pug should be fully nurtured, both mentally and physically. A holistic promotion of skills is particularly important during growth. Pugs tend to overestimate themselves and often have difficulty assessing dangerous situations. Owners should therefore pay close attention to what their dog is doing and protect it from possible dangers.
Upbringing and keeping the pug – this is important to note
A pug is only conditionally suitable for novice dogs. Rather, the dog should be in the hands of experienced owners, because the small dogs have an extremely distinctive self-expression. They are reluctant to accept the hierarchy and are difficult to persuade to take on new commands. Despite their appearance, the four-legged friends are very enthusiastic runners and companions. Owners should use loving but strict training methods. Strict or even violence towards the dog is inappropriate and hinders the cooperation between humans and animals enormously.
Education is particularly important when purchasing a pug puppy. Learning the basic commands such as sit, down and being housebroken is particularly quick at this stage and makes everyday life easier. Attending a dog school is highly recommended. There the dogs are socialized and learn together with conspecifics. In addition, the dogs have the opportunity to romp around together and test their physical limits. Puppy training should take place on the first day in the new home. The children living in the household must also be included in the input. Young dogs absorb commands faster and internalize them early.
Diet of the Pug
Feeding a pug is particularly unproblematic as long as the owners make sure that the dog is not overweight. Being overweight in a dog of this size is fatal and can affect the joints and bones very quickly. The feed should therefore always be weighed carefully. The amount of feed can be precisely determined based on the weight, size and age of the animal. In addition, the quantity information on the packaging of the respective feed provides good orientation and support for the owner.
Owners should consider in advance what kind of feeding they want to offer their pet. Talking to the breeder or trusted veterinarian is recommended. In general, feed should consist of meat as the main component. Additives such as grain and sugar should not be included. Master and mistress should study the contents carefully. Basically, it doesn’t matter whether the pug gets dry food or wet food. A particularly species-appropriate but expensive feeding method is the so-called BARF. Here the dogs only get raw meat and vegetables. The pug does not have a sensitive stomach, but it should not be given kitchen scraps or even sweets. Dog stomachs generally do not tolerate this.
There should always be enough drinking water available for the four-legged friend. It is advisable to set up several drinking containers in different places. Especially in large apartments or even plots of land, the dog must always have a drinking bowl to hand. Treats reward the dog and encourage learning new commands. However, too many treats affect the weight of the pugs and promote obesity. Keepers can easily resort to low-fat options such as dried pig ears or healthy snacks. An oversupply of snacks will cause this breed of dog to no longer recognize and stop eating their normal food.
Health – life expectancy & common diseases
Unfortunately, the drastic change in a Pug’s physical appearance has led to some breed-specific diseases. The dog breed should get a smaller and smaller nose, which can severely restrict the pugs in their breathing. It is not for nothing that the FCI standard has agreed against a further spread of this fornication.
Furthermore, skin diseases such as atopy and demodicosis are among the diseases that occur particularly frequently. Skin fold dermatitis is also very common in pugs and causes discomfort. In addition, the animals tend to be overweight and, as already mentioned, should not be overfed. The pug doesn’t set its own limit when it comes to eating, so it quickly becomes overweight.
In general, however, the small dogs have a relatively good immune system and can live up to 14 years if they are kept in a species-appropriate manner. In addition to the gene pole, the selection of a reputable breeder also plays a decisive role. The pug has no undercoat, so it tends to get cold during the winter months. Even in summer, the dogs should generally not be exposed to the midday sun. The morning and evening hours are particularly suitable for walks in the fresh air.
Toy Fox Terrier
The Toy Fox Terrier is a lively, affectionate, playful, devoted, and determined companion. He is very loyal to his family and loves being with you. He is a very energetic and active dog who also enjoys cuddling, watching TV or lying in the sun. This dog breed is generally friendly with other people, although he can be suspicious of strangers at first. They are excellent watchdogs who defend their territory and are not easily intimidated. The Toy Fox Terrier has excellent hearing. He is easily trainable, sensitive and eager; he quickly learns new commands and tasks. Therefore, he is often trained as a service dog for people with physical disabilities. The breed is playful, fun-loving, and tireless. It seems like he has the energy of a pup all his life! He loves balls and fetch games, as well as a daily walk and regular chances to exercise freely. He is a wonderful “critter” hunter and will keep your home and yard free of mice. He doesn’t like cold weather and should be protected with a sweater when it’s winter outside. The Toy Fox Terrier is a very clean and odorless dog.
What does the Toy Fox Terrier look like?
Despite its small body size, the Toy Fox Terrier is a complete terrier. It is easily distinguished from other toy breeds by its unique head shape. If you are looking for a terrier without an apple head and a short muzzle, you will find the right companion in American Toy. A specific height at the withers is not specified in the American breed standard, breeders’ figures vary between 21 and 29 cm. Adult dogs should weigh no less than 1.75 and no more than 3.5 kilograms.
How is he cared for?
His coat only needs an occasional brushing; or more often if necessary to reduce hair loss.
Where did the Toy Fox Terrier come from?
The Toy Fox Terrier is an American breed of dog that was bred in the 1930s as a crossbreed between Fox Terriers, Manchester Terriers, Miniature Pinschers, Italian Greyhounds, and Chihuahuas.
The breed standard at a glance – differences to other toy breeds
The proportions of the head are strictly fixed and resemble neither fox terriers and whippets nor Jack Russell terriers: it appears wedge-shaped when viewed from the side as well as from the front. The stop can be seen as a gentle hollow, the skull is only slightly rounded.
The muzzle is as long as the skull and tapers in a straight line towards the point. The nose is always black and the lips are tight. Puppies are born with pink noses that later darken.
The round eyes are set wide apart and must be dark in color. Light-colored eyes are excluded from breeding, and protruding eyes are also undesirable.
The erect ears are set high and are close together, but they should never touch. They should not be too big and not too small.
The neck is slightly arched and widens towards the body. The back is short and when viewed from the side the body appears about as long as it is high. The oval-shaped ribs reach to the elbows.
The front legs are straight and the shoulders are well laid back. The rear legs are strong and well-angled. The paws should also be oval in shape and have well-closed toes.
In the United States, the tail is still docked to about 2/5ths of its natural length and should never be longer than 3 inches. Bobby rods almost never occur naturally.
Conclusion: The Toy Fox Terrier is not easy to come by!
The breed is very rare! Purebred puppies are almost exclusively available in the United States.
They are adaptable and suit any owner who can give them enough attention and love.
American Toys have retained their terrier characteristics and are more active and hardy than other toy breeds like the Russkiy Toy or the Toy Chihuahua.
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